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Will Debt Funds help you create wealth?

debt fund and wealth creation

Debt funds are good investment vehicles to protect your capital and still earn more than your bank interest, but they may not sufficient to help you generate enough wealth to achieve financial independence.

Let us understand this by an example.

Assumptions:

  1. A 30-year-old salaried employee has a current monthly income of INR 1.5 Lacs
  2. Annual Salary increment: 8%
  3. Annual Expenses: INR 1.15 lacs (Rent: 60K, Grocery: 20K, Child Education: 20K, Medical: 5K and Travel: 10K). The inflation rate for each is as follows: Grocery: 6% | Rental: 10% | Medical: 12% | Education: 10%
  4. The balance is saved in a combination of debt instruments which give the returns as follows: PPF: 7.6% | Bank Savings: 3.5% | Debt Funds: 7.0%
  5. The weighted average rate of return is around 6.7% annually
  6. Annual compounding of returns assumed
  7. Assumed no taxes on gains on investment

So let us see how your expenses increase for the next 30 years vis-à-vis your debt investments.

When will you run out of money?

As you can see, your expenses will outlive your income from Year 22 onwards and that is when you will start dipping into your debt savings which will start declining thereon. And this happens while you are still working. You can well imagine what should happen once your recurring income drops or becomes negligible post your retirement.

We often ignore the impact of inflation on our lives and hence, the above is a very common “kahaani ghar ghar ki”. Therefore, even in the best case scenario, debt funds will perhaps help us match inflation but not create additional wealth that can make us live through our retirement comfortably. And this is the reason the majority of retired or nearly retired Indians are working out of compulsion. A lot of such people would have ideally wanted to spend their time reading or travelling or just basking under the sun on a chilly winter morning. But even after 40 years of working, they are striving to make ends meet just because our normal income flow cannot live up to the increase in expenses.

We, therefore, need to invest our savings in instruments which can considerably beat inflation. This is where equity comes into play. You may not like it but you may still have to consider it for a comfortable future. However, equity is a challenging subject for most and we tend to have an increased the fear of loss because of our own lack of understanding of which funds to invest in. Therefore, for a person who is new to equity investing, choosing the SIP mode of investing through a trusted advisor is the best route to choose.

But then why do people still invest in Debt? And where exactly should you be investing? Read here to find more.

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Should you save and invest for your child’s education?

If you did your MBA from IIM Ahmedabad back in 2007, you probably paid somewhere around 4 lacs. Your younger sibling would have paid somewhere around 21 lacs this year. That is 4 times of what you must have paid and a staggering 23% annual increase in the fees.

If the cost of education rises at this pace, after around 18 years, your child will need a whopping Rs. 8.7 crores for the same program at IIM-A. Even at a 10% annual increase in cost, that amount would be close to Rs. 1.2 crores.

Education costs have been increasing at a rate higher than the usual inflation. And the same is true for elementary, primary and secondary education.  Not to mention the additional cost of coaching that you have to incur at different stages of education. The above numbers clearly indicate a need to focus on how you intend to fund your child’s education.

This article seeks to help you formulate a plan for your child’s dream education no matter how old your child is.

For the sake of relevance, let us have 3 categories:

Category 1: If your child is under 10 years of age

Your child in his early years of schooling and has a long way to go in terms of pursuing his education. Planning for children in this age bracket is the easiest simply because you have more time to save and invest. The earlier you start, the more corpus you create. Following are the 3 things you should be doing if you fall in this category:

  1. Start a monthly SIP in a portfolio of mutual funds with predominant exposure towards equity. The time horizon is long term so you may have decent allocation towards mid and small cap funds, if you risk appetite permits that. This will enable you to create a substantial amount of wealth over the long run (Over 7 years).
  2. Every year, try and estimate the corpus you need to fund the education at both graduation and post – graduation stage. Accordingly, increase your monthly SIP every year to ensure that you are able to garner the required corpus. While SIPs in equity mutual funds will help you create wealth, increasing them every year will ensure that you don’t fall short of the amount you require.
  3. Park a small sum of money in a debt fund for any short term requirements. This will ensure that you have surplus funds available for any contingencies.

Category 2: If your child is between 10 – 15 years of age

Your child is probably nearing completion of school and will soon be ready for graduation years. This means that while you do still have time for post – graduation, you might not have enough time for saving to fund his graduation. Following are the 3 things that you should do:

  1. Park your surplus money in a portfolio of debt equity funds. The split between the two categories will be determined by how many years are you still away from completion of school.
  2. Start a monthly SIP in a portfolio of mutual funds and asset allocation is key for such investments. You may keep an allocation of 30-40 percent in debt funds and the remaining exposure should be in a diversified basket of equity funds. The asset allocation should be monitored regularly and should be shifted entirely towards debt as you approach the time when you would need the fund. This will enable you to create a pool of wealth over the long run (Over 5 years).
  3. Increase your monthly SIP every year simply because you have relatively lesser amount of time to save for the post – graduation requirement.

Category 3: If your child is between 15 – 20 years of age

Your child has grown up is perhaps nearing his post – graduation years. As such you have only a few years before she completes graduation and goes for higher education. Here is what you should be doing:

  1. Park your surplus money in a portfolio of debt funds. The split between the two categories will be determined by how many years are you still away from completion of school / graduation.
  2. Start a monthly SIP in a portfolio of mutual funds and asset allocation is key for such investments. You may keep an allocation of 60-70 percent in debt funds remaining exposure should be in a diversified basket of balanced equity funds. The asset allocation should be monitored regularly and should be shifted entirely towards debt as you reach towards the year when the funds are required. However, your exposure should not include the risky category of mid and small cap funds.
  3. Increase your monthly SIP every year simply because you have relatively lesser amount of time to save for the post – graduation requirement.

How do we help?

At CAGRfunds, we help you estimate the amount of money you will require at every stage of education. We also help you define your most suitable portfolio. As you start investing, we ensure that our tools continue to review and re-balance your portfolio whenever the need arises.

Contact Us NOW!

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Look beyond the obvious

A few days back, I met an old school friend Rajeev on my flight from Mumbai to New Delhi. We started reminiscing about our old school days and the time just flew by. Rajeev has done well in his career and is working as a Management Consultant with a reputed consulting firm.

Somehow, the discussion shifted to financial planning and Rajeev told me, that he is quite happy seeing his investment grow at 8%. This got me interested, so I further enquired and discovered that he has invested his savings in long tenor bank fixed deposits.  I was surprised and explained to him that he is only looking at nominal returns and there is more to returns than what meets the eye.

This got me thinking, do we as investors really know the actual returns of our investment? No, it’s not because we don’t read the numbers, but because we don’t understand how to find the net returns of our investment. Most people only care about the raw returns on their investment and unfortunately this is not the return to actually care about.

The two most important factors which impact our investment are taxation and inflation. While, the impact of taxation is still comparatively easy to understand, as on paper it leads to reduction in earning, the impact of inflation is more insidious.

With regards to taxation, every investor should look at the “after tax” return of his investment, but we will discuss this at some other time. Today let’s try to delve into the impact of inflation on our investment return.

Let’s get back to Rajeev and his investment in bank FD earning 8% return. Is he actually earning 8%? No, he is not. This is his “before tax” and “nominal return”.  For the time being, let’s ignore the impact of taxation and discuss further on “nominal return”.

As investors, we have to factor in the bite of inflation and look at the “real return”. In the above case, if the current inflation is 7%, the real return for the investment this year is only 1%. Why is that? Inflation represents loss in purchasing power. Simply put, 10 years back you can buy much more with 100 rupees in your account, than you can buy today. Inflation can affect the risk/return profile of any asset, including cash.

Investments offering you miniscule or negative real returns will actually lead to loss in purchasing power and are actually making you poorer over time. For example, savings account seems to provide a sense of security and guarantees “nominal return” of 4%; it actually is making you poorer by 3% (considering inflation is 7%). Same is the case with bank fixed deposits; it mostly gives you either negative real return or at maximum gives miniscule real return.

Historically as per the chart above,  investment  in  equities  has  offered  higher  real  returns  compared  to  fixed  deposits.  Hence, it is seen as a good hedge against inflation. Investments done in fixed deposit have barely been able to beat the inflation over the years, while the investments in equity have given handsome returns over long period of times.

If you find it difficult to choose the right companies for investing, you could opt to invest through mutual fund schemes, preferably through the Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) route.